Endocrine Abstracts

Background: Hyponatremia is the most common electrolyte disorder in clinical practice, whereas severe hyponatremia can be life-threatening if not diagnosed and managed appropriately. Severe hyponatremia can be the only presentation of several endocrine and non-endocrine diseases, and investigation for underlying causes and its appropriate management can be potentially life-saving. Severe hyponatremia is frequently overlooked as the presenting manifestation hypopituitarism. Her...

Background: Graves’ orbitopathy (GO), also known as thyroid eye disease, is an autoimmune condition and is one of the main extrathyroidal manifestations of Graves’ disease. GO is relatively rare and usually accompanies the onset or develops soon after the Graves’ disease. We present a case of GO that developed 18 years later from total thyroidectomy. Case report: A 64-year-old men presented at the ophthalmology clinic with one-month histor...

IntroductionRecently, apart from its main physiologic role, the active form of vitamin D has also been recognised to have anti-inflammatory and immune-modulating properties. Accumulating evidence suggests that Vitamin D deficiency is associated with increased prevalence of various autoimmune diseases, and in particular, with autoimmune thyroid disease. Despite contradicting evidence, the balance is tipping towards inverse correlation between vitamin D de...